Internal-combustion motor



Mamh 1929. G. H. DECKER ET AL 1,707,052

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed Nov. '7, 1927 Patented Mar. 2 6, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GBDVEB H. DECKER AND HOMEB A. DECKER, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

mrnmmL-comnusrrcn MOTOR.

Application filed November This invention relates to an internal combustion motor which has been designed with the object of eliminating the knocks resulting from the explosion of the fuel, particularly in s motors of the high compression type. It consists primarily 1n so constructing the motor head that the fuel charge does not explode in direct contact with the end of the piston, but the expansive effect of the exploded gases 1s directed against the end of the piston immediately after the explosion. Regardless of the amount of compression, and the rate at which the fuel is burned, the resulting gases will be fed through a port or ports into contact with the head of the piston, and although the application of the expansive force against the head of the piston will be as nearly instantaneous as practicable, there will be a sufficient regulation of the flow through the ports to fievint the sharp impact which causes a 00 a The essential features of construction which insure the beneficial result above outlined, will be more fully explained in connection with the accompanying drawings which illustrate the same in detai In the drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical section taken centrally through the upper part of one of the cylinders of the motor. Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

ig. 3 is a view similar to Fi 1 but on a reduced scale, showing a much ed form of the invention.

'In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 1, the numeral 5 indicates one of the cylinders of an internal combustion motor having a removable head 6. Adjacent the up e1- end of the cylinder there is provided a com ustion chamber 7 havin suitable inlet and outlet ports, one of whic is indicated at 8 and provided with a valve 9; A piston 10 is reciprocable within the cylinder 5 and is provided with a connecting rod 11 oftheusual type. The parts are so proportioned, however, that the piston 10, when in its uppermost osition, extends somewhat above the end oft e cylinder 5 or above the ports.

A shield or cap 12 is integrally connected to" the inside of the cylinder top or head 6 by suitable webs 13. This shield or cap has a depending peripheral lip 14 forming a pocket which receives the upper end of the piston 19 at the upper limit of its stroke. Ports 15,

7, 1927. Serial No. 231,676.

preferably larger than the intake valve, connect the combustion chamber 7 with the upper part of the cylinder 5 beneath the shield or'cap 12 so that the exploded gases are admitted into contact with the end of the piston immediately after it starts upon its return stroke.

The upper end of the piston 10 is shown as convex and the inner face of the cap 12 is fl correspondingly shaped. This specific sha e, however, is not essential. It may be desira 1e to provide a space" 16 within the ca 12 and connect the same with the water coo g system of the motor. The spark plug 17 is preferabl located substantially at the center of the c amber 7. p

In the modified construction shown in Fig. 3, the head 6 is formed with a pocket 12* for receiving the end of the piston 10. The combustion chamber 7" is, in this case, located wholly at one side of the cylinder and co1nmunicates therewith through a single port 15 formed between the upper end of the cy1- inder and a lip 14" which depends from the head 6.

In the operation of the invention the iston, on its compression stroke, compresses t e fuel charge in the combustion chamber. Slightly before the completion of the up stroke the ports leading into the c linder are closed and at about this time the el char e is ignited. In motors of the high compression type the explosion takes place very suddenly and the impact of the same usually causes an unavoidable knock, as if a sharp blow were struck against the end of the piston. By reason of the present construction, however the end of the piston is protected against this impact, but ust as soon as it starts upon its return stroke the exploded gases flow through the ports into contact with the end of the iston in a smooth and even manner, taking a vantage of a high compression without the usual roughness. By making the pocket of the proper depth, the proper timing of the above 100 conditions can be secured. The s ark should be timed to take place at or about t e time that the ports are covered by the piston upon its compression stroke.

It is also to be noted that as the pistonap 105 preaches the end of its com ression stroke, the Y fuel mixture which is at t lat time in theupper part of the cylinder, is forcibly expelled in a comparatively thin sheet through the port or parts with great turbulence, with the resion stroke and suit that the entire fuel charge is thoroughly mixed and atomized and complete combustion is effected.

It will be apparent that the invention is adapted to be applied to any of the various types of internal combustion motors. It is also apparent that the shape and arrangement of the various parts of the invention may be modified to a considerable extent without any material departure from the essential features as defined in the claims.

What we claim is:

1. In an internal combustion motor, the combination with a c linder and a piston reciprocable therein, of a combustion chamber near the end of the cylinder, and a cap connected with the cylinder and covering the head of the piston at the limit of its compresrovided with means for admitting the ex oded gas from the combustion chamber t ereto as the piston starts on its return stroke.

2. In an internal combustion motor, the

' combination with a c linder and a piston reciprocable therein, 0 a combustion chamber near the end of the cylinder, and means for shielding the entire end of the iston equally from the impact of the exploded gas at the instant of the explosion, but admitting the exploded gas thereto as the piston starts on its return stroke. I

3. In an internal combustion motor, the combination with a c linder and a piston reciprocable therein, 0 a combustion chamber near the end of the cylinder and having ports leading to opposite sides of the cylinder near the end thereof, so that they are covered by the piston at the limit of its com ression stroke, and a cap adapted to receive t e head of the piston, said ports serving to admit the exploded gas to the cap as the piston starts on its return stroke.

4. In an internal combustion motor, the combination with a c linder and a piston reci rocable therein, 02 a combustionchamber a jacent the end of the c linder and extendin be 0nd opposite si es thereof, and a shield etween said chamber and the piston and covering the head of said piston at the limit ofi'ts compression stroke, said chamber having ports leading directly to opposite sides of the cylinder beneath said shield, said ports being in position to be uncovered by the piston as it starts u n its return stroke.

5. In an interna combustion motor the as combination with a cylinder, of a head for said cylinder having a combustion chamber therein, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and having a rounded end, a ca within said chamber covering the end of said piston 00 at the limit of its compression stroke, said cap being dished to conform to the surface of the piston head and means for admitting the exploded gas between the cap and piston as the piston starts on its return stroke. 8

6. In an internal combustion motor the combination with a cylinder, of a head for said cylinder having a combustion chamber therein extending over the end of the cylinder with a spark plug located near the center 7 thereof, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, a cap formingv a part of said head and covering the head of said piston at the limit of its compression stroke, and means for admitting the exploded gas between the cap and piston as the piston starts on its return stroke.

7. In an internal combustion motor the combination with a cylinder, of a head for said cylinder having a combustion chamber therein extending over the end of the cylinder, with a spark plug located near the center stroke. so

8. In an internal'coinbustion motor, the combination of a cylinder, a iston reciprocable therein, a combustion c amber means for exploding the fuel charge in said chamber, and means controlled by the movement 95 of the piston for determining the time at which t e force of the exploded fuel charge becomes effective.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto signed our names to this s ification.

Y GROVE H. DECKER.

HOMER A. DECKER.

, said 

